Free Data Size Converter
Convert between bytes, KB, MB, GB, TB, PB, bits, and more. Instant data storage and bandwidth unit conversion calculator.
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1 Gigabytes (GB) =
Formula
Converted Value = Input Value × (Source Unit in Bytes) ÷ (Target Unit in Bytes) — using binary (1 KB = 1024 bytes)Understanding Digital Data Units
Digital data is measured in bytes and bits. A byte is the fundamental unit of digital storage — it holds one character of text. A bit is the smallest unit of data (a single 0 or 1), and there are 8 bits in every byte. This converter uses binary prefixes where each step up multiplies by 1,024.
Storage Units (Bytes)
- Byte — one character of text. A short email is about 5 KB (5,120 bytes).
- Kilobyte (KB) — 1,024 bytes. A small text file or a simple web page.
- Megabyte (MB) — 1,024 KB. A high-quality photo is typically 3-8 MB.
- Gigabyte (GB) — 1,024 MB. A full-length HD movie is about 4-5 GB.
- Terabyte (TB) — 1,024 GB. Standard for modern hard drives and SSDs.
- Petabyte (PB) — 1,024 TB. Used by data centers and cloud providers.
Bandwidth Units (Bits)
Internet speed is measured in bits per second, not bytes. When your ISP advertises 100 Mbps (megabits per second), your maximum download speed is about 12.5 MB/s (megabytes per second). Always divide the advertised speed by 8 to estimate real file download rates.
Practical Data Size References
- Email: 50-100 KB
- MP3 song: 3-10 MB
- Smartphone photo: 3-5 MB
- 1 hour of streaming video (HD): 3-7 GB
- Video game: 30-150 GB
Use this converter to quickly translate between any data unit — perfect for choosing storage devices, understanding bandwidth, or comparing file sizes.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between KB and Kb?
KB (kilobytes) measures storage size, while Kb (kilobits) measures data transfer speed. 1 byte = 8 bits, so 1 KB = 8 Kb. Internet speeds are usually advertised in megabits (Mb), while file sizes are shown in megabytes (MB).
How many GB are in a TB?
There are 1,024 GB in 1 TB (terabyte) using binary measurement. So a 2 TB hard drive holds about 2,048 GB of data.
Why does my 1 TB drive show less than 1 TB of space?
Drive manufacturers use decimal (1 TB = 1,000 GB) while your operating system uses binary (1 TB = 1,024 GB). A 1 TB drive actually has 1,000,000,000,000 bytes, which equals about 931 GB in binary. This isn't missing space — it's a unit difference.
How much storage do I need for photos and videos?
A typical smartphone photo is 3-5 MB, while a 4K video uses about 375 MB per minute. For 10,000 photos and 10 hours of 4K video, you'd need roughly 250-275 GB of storage.
What is a petabyte?
A petabyte (PB) is 1,024 terabytes or about 1 million gigabytes. For perspective, Netflix's entire content library is estimated at about 10-15 petabytes.